Corneal diseases are the third leading cause of blindness worldwide. Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) is the preferred surgical technique for treating corneal endothelial disorders, relying heavily on high-quality donor tissue. However, the scarcity of suitable donor tissue and the sensitivity of endothelial cells remain significant challenges. This review explores the current state of DMEK, focusing on advancements in tissue engineering as a promising solution to improve outcomes and address donor limitations.