BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Calcium phosphate bone grafts are emerging as alternatives to autologous bone grafts in lumbar spinal fusion. This study evaluates the 12-month fusion rate and clinical outcomes of lumbar interbody fusion using synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate graft with submicron needle-shaped surface topography (BCP<
μm). METHODS: A retrospective review identified patients who underwent lumbar interbody arthrodesis with BCP<
μm, with or without autograft. Fusion was assessed by an independent neuroradiologist using a CT alphanumeric classification based on bridging bone on 12-month postoperative CT. Secondary outcomes included changes in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), length of stay (LOS), and fusion of all treated levels. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients with 93 treated levels were analyzed (average age: 62.78 years, BMI: 28.73 kg/m CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a high fusion rate (95.70%) and low complication rate in a diverse patient population with multiple comorbidities, suggesting BCP<
μm is a viable graft material for lumbar interbody fusion.