Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, with a low 5-y survival rate and frequent local recurrence or metastasis. This study explores the role of γδT cells in the development and progression of OSCC. γδT cells, which exhibit innate and adaptive immune characteristics, are known for their dual role in cancer, acting as anti- and protumor agents depending on the context. Using a murine model of OSCC induced by the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), which adequately mimics the progression of human OSCC, we investigated the impact of γδT cells on tumor growth and the tumor microenvironment. We first characterized the γδT cells of the tongue epithelium, the primary site for cancer development in this model. The results indicate that γδT cells are predominantly of the Vγ6