Annotation Managers at all levels will benefit from this first English translation of a set of powerful Chinese aphorisms rooted in deception, subterfuge, and guile. The 36 stratagems first appeared 1500 years ago, were committed to paper 300 years ago, and have gained in popularity among scholars and researchers since their official publication in 1941. Those seeking to apply the lessons of the past to the modern business world will find this collection of ancient tactics essential. Beginning with a history and overview, the chapters then move through the six categories of stratagems 7three intended for use when one has the advantage and three meant for use from a disadvantaged position. Entertaining and thought provoking, the text includes examples of managers who have been able to achieve objectives using the strategies. Flexibility and new ways of thinking about business issues are encouraged, making this handbook widely adaptable to changing conditions.