Pharmacogenomics (PGx), an integral part of functional genomics and molecular pharmacology, has evolved significantly over the past decade. Our study reveals that PGx education in China and the United States has made substantial progress, with a particular emphasis on integrating PGx into medical curricula and clinical practice, leading to improved therapeutic strategies and patient outcomes. Consequently, both China and the United States are dedicated to fostering advancements in PGx education. This paper reviews PGx education in these two countries, highlighting its importance and providing an in-depth look at the current status and challenges within universities and clinical settings. Furthermore, it offers recommendations for advancing PGx education and contemplates future trends in both nations.