Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) act as signal transducers and are critical in many biological processes. However, in contrast to mammals, the function of TRAFs in teleost is still largely unknown. In this study, we identified and cloned eight TRAF genes in snakehead (Channa argus), namely CaTRAF2aa, CaTRAF2ab, CaTRAF2b, CaTRAF3, CaTRAF4a, CaTRAF5, CaTRAF6, and CaTRAF7. Bioinformatics analyses exhibited CaTRAF genes were evolutionarily conserved among teleost. Subcellular localization results demonstrated that eight CaTRAFs were all localized in cytoplasm. These CaTRAFs showed widespread but different expression profiles in various organs/tissues of snakehead and their expression could be induced by IHSV infection. Furthermore, almost all CaTRAFs can be impacted by poly (I:C) stimulation in HKLs. To sum up, this study provides a valuable foundation for further functional research on teleost TRAF genes.