To elucidate the effects of compound curing agent on the microbial community and metabolite composition of Nuodeng ham. The microbial community and small molecule metabolites of Nuodeng ham were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and UPLC-QE-MS technology in this study. Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, and Lactobacillus were found to be the dominant bacterial genera in Nuodeng ham. The compound curing agent promoted the formation of L-proline, phenylalanine, L-aspartic acid, and taurine. Through correlation analysis, it was found that Staphylococcus was positively correlated with L-proline and phenylalanine, while Acinetobacter was positively correlated with taurine. This study provides scientific theoretical support for compound curing agents, as well as insight into Nuodeng ham quality.