Choline enhances elicited imitation memory performance in pre-school children with prenatal alcohol exposure: A cumulative report of three randomized controlled trials.

• Tác giả: Mary E Anthony, Erik de Water, Judith K Eckerle, Abigail M Ernst, Michael K Georgieff, Blake A Gimbel, Kent A Tuominen, Jeffrey R Wozniak, Steven H Zeisel
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 363.232 Patrol and surveillance
• Thông tin xuất bản: United States : The American journal of clinical nutrition , 2025
• Bộ sưu tập: NCBI
• ID: 165785

Tóm tắt

 BACKGROUND: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are associated with neurocognitive deficits for which there are no biological treatments. Choline supplementation may attenuate these deficits. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate choline as a neurodevelopmental intervention for preschool age children with FASD. METHODS: We present combined data from 104 participants with FASD (ages 2.5 to 5.9 years) from three randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs). Participants in RCT1 and RCT2 were randomized to 9 months choline (500 mg daily) or placebo. Participants in RCT3 were randomized to 9 months choline (19 mg per kg daily) or placebo. The primary outcome measure was an Elicited Imitation (EI) memory task. RESULTS: Adherence was high (78% doses received). Adverse effects were similar across groups except fishy body odor: choline group (36%), placebo group (8%). We observed a trend-level choline advantage
  participants receiving choline performed 25% better on EI short-delay adjacent pairs (sequential memory) than placebo with a steeper increase in scores between 6 and 9 months (ŷ = -10.06
  (p = 0.03)
  95%CI -19.13, -0.99). No sex difference in response was seen nor did we observe a dose-response relationship. Age moderated response to choline between baseline and 9 months (ŷ = 10.02
  (p = 0.01)
  95%CI 2.47, 17.57) with greater response in younger (≤ 4.2 years) compared to older (>
 4.2 years) participants. Overall, choline showed a beneficial effect on memory but no impact on executive functioning or IQ. CONCLUSIONS: The results support choline as a neurodevelopmental intervention for improvement of memory in young children exposed to alcohol prenatally. Specifically, the use of choline bitartrate as a supplement in the range of 260 to 500 mg per day in children between 2.5 and 5.9 years of age is supported. Future studies are needed to further define appropriate dosage as well as optimal lengths and developmental windows for supplementation. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01149538 and NCT02735473.