STUDY DESIGN: Systematic Review. OBJECTIVES: To thoroughly assess the existing literature regarding the impact of anti-RhoA/ROCK agents or procedures on functional recovery in animal models of SCI. SETTING: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection utilizing a combination of keywords. All in-vivo animal studies of acute or chronic SCI that evaluated the pharmacological effects of Rho/ROCK inhibitors in English literature were included in this study. RESULTS: Totally, 2320 articles were identified, of which, 60 papers were included for further analysis. A total of 47 (78%) studies were conducted merely on rats, 9 (15%) on mice, 3 (5%) used both, and the remaining used other animals. Y-27632, Fasudil, C3 Transferase and its derivatives (C CONCLUSION: Of the 28 identified anti-RhoA/ROCK agents, all but two (C