Barley is considered to have Ethiopia as its center of diversity, and it is among the most prominent cereal crops cultivated across different agroecology in the country. However, the available germplasm in the country has not been studied much compared to the number of accessions under conservation and the expected diversity of crops in the country. This study was therefore conducted to estimate the phenotypic variability and association of morphoagronomic traits among 49 barley accessions. The experiment was conducted in 2021 using a 7 × 7 simple lattice design. The results of the analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the accessions for all traits. Moreover, with a mean of 4.02 t·ha