Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness among individuals with diabetes, necessitating innovative approaches to screening and management. This editorial explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in revolutionizing DR care. AI and ML technologies have demonstrated remarkable advancements in enhancing the accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility of DR screening, helping to overcome barriers to early detection. These technologies leverage vast datasets to identify patterns and predict disease progression with unprecedented precision, enabling clinicians to make more informed decisions. Furthermore, AI-driven solutions hold promise in personalizing management strategies for DR, incorporating predictive analytics to tailor interventions and optimize treatment pathways. By automating routine tasks, AI can reduce the burden on healthcare providers, allowing for a more focused allocation of resources towards complex patient care. This review aims to evaluate the current advancements and applications of AI and ML in DR screening, and to discuss the potential of these technologies in developing personalized management strategies, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes and reduce the global burden of DR. The integration of AI and ML in DR care represents a paradigm shift, offering a glimpse into the future of ophthalmic healthcare.