Polymeric materials are ubiquitous in modern life. Similar to many other technological applications, polymer materials are essential in advancing the green hydrogen economy, offering solutions for hydrogen production, storage, transport, and utilization. In production, polymeric proton exchange membranes in water electrolysers enable efficient green hydrogen generation using renewable energy. Polymer-based composite tanks provide lightweight, high-strength on-board storage options for vehicles, enhancing safety and reducing costs. Polymeric proton exchange membranes in fuel cells efficiently convert hydrogen into electricity. Polymers also support hydrogen infrastructure with corrosion-resistant, durable pipelines, distribution ports and as hydrogen sensors. Additionally, porous and reversible hydrogenated-to-dehydrogenated forms of polymers show promise for material-based storage systems. This review highlights the role of polymer materials, their current advancements supporting a green hydrogen economy as a solution for a low-carbon future and future research directions.