Groundwater quality is impacted by the exploitation of residential sewage and industrial and agricultural activities. Groundwater is an important source of drinking water in Fuyang City. In this study, to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of the centralized drinking water source in the Fuyang area, a total of 84 sets of groundwater samples were collected. Different techniques, such as the Piper three-line diagram, Gibbs map, correlation analysis, ion proportional coefficient, and factor analysis, were used to reveal the groundwater chemical characteristics, mechanisms of hydrochemical components, and control factors. The findings showed that the ion sources of Ca