Excessive phosphorus can easily lead to the eutrophication of water bodies and affect the growth of aquatic plants and animals； therefore, it is particularly important to pay attention to and control phosphorus in sewage. Constructed wetlands have become a green and economical way to remove phosphorus from sewage. The research status of phosphorus removal in constructed wetland systems in recent years was summarized here, including the removal mechanism, influencing factors, and strengthening measures. The results showed that constructed wetlands could effectively remove most of the phosphorus in the water, and the removal mechanism involved physical, chemical, and biological processes, such as adsorption, absorption, and precipitation of fillers and plants. The efficiency of phosphorus removal in constructed wetland depends on the adsorption capacity of fillers, the oxygen environment in the wetland, plant growth, temperature, and other conditions. In recent years, the combination of biological, electrochemical, advanced oxidation, and other technologies has been the popular direction of enhanced phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands. However, how to optimize the performance parameters of phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands under complex conditions is still a difficult problem to overcome. Further research is needed to optimize the performance of the combined systems to ensure their effectiveness and long-term sustainability.