AIM: We aim to investigate the optimal timing for surgical interventions to maximize patient benefit. BACKGROUND: The guidelines recommending a minimum deferral of 6 months for non-cardiac surgeries following drug-eluting stent percutaneous coronary intervention (DES-PCI) do not adequately address the requirements for individuals undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery (GCS). METHODS: The study encompassed 2501 patients treated from January 2017 to December 2021, all of whom underwent GCS within 1 year after DES-PCI. We conducted an analysis by comparing the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) within 30 days post-surgery at different time points. RESULTS: This study enrolled a total of 2501 participants with meticulously recorded data who underwent DES-PCI and subsequently underwent GCS within 1 year post-implantation. The incidence rate of MACEs is 14.2%, including MI (5.1%), HF (5.8%), IS (3.2%), and cardiac death (0.2%), across all patients in this study. The threshold probability was determined using the Youden Index, resulting in a value of 0.320, corresponding to a "time-to-surgery value" of 87. Significant statistical differences were observed in the occurrence rates of MACEs for adjacent time intervals at 30 days ( P <
0.001), 90 days ( P <
0.009), and 180 days ( P <
0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The timing of surgical intervention following DES-PCI significantly influences the occurrence of MACEs at 1, 3, and 6 months. GCS may be appropriately advanced within the 6-month timeframe, but with the exception of emergency, efforts should be made to defer them beyond the initial month.