The resource utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) has been widely concerned at present. The chlorine removal from MSWI FA is of great significance for controlling environmental risk and improving materials properties in the process of its resource utilization. This work specifically proposes to divide the chlorine in MSWI FA into inorganic chloride and organic chloride. The removal rate, influencing factors, and removal mechanism of chlorine in MSWI FA using various technologies were systematically analyzed. In addition, the applicability, advantages and disadvantages of chlorine removal technology in different scenarios were highlighted. This work identifies the technical barriers that need to be solved urgently in the current research and proposes a key direction for future research on the regulation of chlorine removal technologies of MSWI FA.