Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, generally due to defects of insulin action or secretion. Inhibition of α-glucosidase, an enzyme responsible for carbohydrate degradation, is a promising strategy for managing postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. In this study, two new C-linked diarylheptanoid dimers, kaemgalanganols A (1) and B (2), were isolated from K. galanga, which showed obvious inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase but weak activity on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Kaemgalanganol B had an IC