OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to understand federal workplace injury/illness trends. METHODS: Over 1.5 million federal and Postal Service employee workers' compensation (WC) claims from 2007 to 2022 were linked to employment data and analyzed. RESULTS: From 2007 to 2019, falls, slips, trips represented the highest proportion of claims (30.7%), followed by overexertion and bodily reaction (24.4%), unclassified (16.4%), contact with objects and equipment (13.1%), violence and other injuries by persons or animals (8.8%), transportation incidents (4.0%), exposure to harmful substances or environments (2.5%), and fires and explosions (0.24%). From 2020 to 2022, COVID-19 drove a major shift to exposure to harmful substances or environments representing the highest proportion of claims (44.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Claims data represent a potentially rich data source that employing agencies can use to focus prevention and treatment of injury/illness.