OBJECTIVES: Electronic cigarette (or e-cigarette) use is increasing globally. To date, there are limited pooled estimates regarding the impact of e-cigarette use on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present meta-analysis of large-scale population-based observational studies evaluates the impact of e-cigarette use on COPD. METHODS: A systematic search of observational studies published between 1/2020-1/2024 was conducted in MEDLINE and Scopus based on PRISMA Guidelines. RESULTS: Of 3670 originally retrieved papers, 7 observational studies (including 4 cross-sectional studies and 3 prospective cohort studies) fulfilled all search criteria and were used for the present meta-analysis which encompassed in total, 3,552,424 participants, including 138,698 cases with COPD. The findings from the random-effects meta-analysis (I CONCLUSIONS: The current meta-analysis highlights that e-cigarette users face an increased risk of developing COPD. Therefore, public health interventions aimed at diminishing e-cigarette are necessary for preventing COPD.