INTRODUCTION: A family intervention program for opioid dependent patients with a few sessions can be highly beneficial in resource limited settings. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a three-session family intervention program in enhancing family functioning and reducing opioid use. METHODS: The study design was an open, parallel, randomized controlled trial, which included 100 males, who were randomized to receive a three session intervention based on psychoeducation, supervision, relapse prevention, communication and coping
and a control group (treatment as usual) in a 1:1 ratio. The participants and their families were assessed through a semi-structured pro forma, McMaster's Family Assessment Device at baseline and 12 weeks, and substance use section of Maudsley Addiction Profile at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks. RESULTS: The two groups were mostly comparable in socio-demographics and substance use pattern. The intervention group had a higher retention than the control group (64 % versus 42 %). There was improvement in overall family functioning of the patients, the time effect was significant (F = 41.203, p <
0.001), but not the time x group effect (F = 2.925, p = 0.090). Similarly, for the family group, the time effect was significant (F = 45.629, p <
0.001), but not the time x group effect (F = 0.680, p = 0.412). No significant group differences in opioid use were observed. CONCLUSION: The family intervention program was associated with a higher retention, but was not significantly associated with a greater improvement in overall family functioning and reduction of opioid use days. The study highlights the potential of systematic, time-limited family interventions to enhance patient retention in treatment programs for opioid use disorders.