An increase in aortic aneurysm occurrence is registered, despite considerable advances in surgical interventions. Consequently, numerous researchers have been trying to improve the understanding the aortic aneurysm pathogenesis in order to facilitate an early diagnosis, to identify new therapeutic targets, and to develop complex therapies. Within this book, the reader may find interesting data about etiology, risk factors, and pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm, its characteristics in young age, particularities of aneurysms affecting visceral arteries, the preoperative evaluation of the patients, different perspectives regarding the surgical therapy, including the treatment of complications after prior surgery, original proposals regarding new therapeutic modalities, and advanced imaging strategies. The multidisciplinary team of authors provides an interesting lecture and an update of the scientific literature.