Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are known to promote angiogenesis and adipogenesis. However, their limited ability to efficiently target and integrate into specific tissues poses a major challenge for ADSC-based therapies. In this study, we identified a seven-amino acid peptide sequence (P7) with high specificity for ADSCs using phage display technology. P7 was then covalently conjugated to decellularized adipose-derived matrix (DAM), creating an "ADSC homing device" designed to recruit ADSCs both in vitro and in vivo. The P7-conjugated DAM significantly enhanced ADSC adhesion and proliferation in vitro. After being implanted into rat subcutaneous tissue, immunofluorescence staining after 14 days revealed that P7-conjugated DAM recruited a greater number of ADSCs, promoting angiogenesis and adipogenesis in the surrounding tissue. Moreover, CD206 immunostaining at 14 days indicated that P7-conjugated DAM facilitated the polarization of macrophages to the M2 phenotype at the implantation site. These findings demonstrate that the P7 peptide has a high affinity for ADSCs, and its conjugation with DAM significantly improves ADSC recruitment in vivo. This approach holds great potential for a wide range of applications in material surface modification.