Resident education is critical in the development, growth, and recruitment of young surgeons into the field of hand surgery. However, the increased emphasis on efficiency and productivity in clinical care, growth of hand fellowships, and wide-awake hand surgery can pose specific challenges to resident education. In this review, we explore barriers to resident education in hand surgery and discuss opportunities for improvement. We also provide a list of updated resources for resident education in hand surgery and review best practices in resident education to help educators and trainees alike.