Hydrogels prepared from natural polysaccharide, such as chitosan, have attracted much attention owing to their advantageous physicochemical properties and functions. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop novel crosslinking and preparation methods for hydrogels. Here, a class of multifunctional chitosan-based (CBT) hydrogels were prepared from 3-carboxy-5-nitrophenylboronic acid (PBA) modified carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and tannic acid (TA) by double crosslinking of borate ester and hydrogen bonds. They could rapidly gel within 1 min through physical blending under physiological conditions. They had good physicochemical properties such as injectability, plasticity, self-healing, swelling and biodegradability. They also exhibited the inherent viscoelastic behavior of hydrogels and had a maximum compressive strength of up to 0.31 Mpa. Moreover, they had excellent biocompatibility, hemostatic ability and antioxidant ability. Their maximum antibacterial rate against S. aureus and E.coli were up to 85.22 ± 2.73 % and 48.50 ± 1.04 %, respectively. They could be loaded with the model drug curcumin through borate ester bond and achieve glucose-sensitive controlled release. Preliminary in vivo experiments also showed good biosafety and degradability. Therefore, the multifunctional hydrogels provided a new approach for the design of polysaccharide-based hydrogels, and could potentially be applied in wound repair, drug delivery and other biomedical fields.