Natural polyphenols have gained greater attention for their potent medicinal properties and potential benefits in addressing various health concerns. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound known for its therapeutic properties, has shown limitations in bioavailability, which the novel derivative resveratrol surrogate molecule (RSM5) aims to improve. The present study evaluates the oral toxicity and safety profile of a novel resveratrol derivative through acute and subacute assessments. Acute toxicity was assessed following a single oral administration, while subacute toxicity was evaluated after repeated doses over 28 days in BALB/c mice. Various physiological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters were monitored to determine potential adverse effects. The findings indicate that the RSM5 exhibits no significant toxic effects at the tested doses (15, 30, 60 mg/kg), with both acute and subacute studies showing a favourable safety profile. These results suggest that the novel resveratrol derivative may be safe for further pharmacological development, supporting its potential for therapeutic applications.