Comment: in Portuguese languageThis article analytically describes the contributions of Keynesian theory in the post-World War I context, by means of a synoptic reading of the bibliographical sources indicated, the Keynesian theory within its own historical and philosophical context. The discussion covers the main concepts of his theory. The aim is, through the excerpts highlighted in the article, to briefly contextualize the origins of the ideas of John Maynard Keynes' economic thought.