This study aimed to explore the effects of minerals on the structure and degradation product distribution of sesame hull (SH) lignin during the roasting process. SH lignin was impregnated with various minerals (Ca, Mg, K, and Na) before roasting. The results indicated that mineral addition significantly affected the carbohydrate composition and content of SH lignin, with K- and Na-treated samples (0.6 %-0.72 %) exhibiting higher carbohydrate content than those treated with Ca and Mg (0.12 %-0.48 %). Minerals caused lignin macromolecular fragments to break down into smaller fragments. 2D heteronuclear single quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy shown that the β-O-4 aryl ether linkage bond content was reduced in the alkali metal treated samples (9.05 %-9.07 %) as compared to the alkaline earth metal (13.73 %-15.27 %) and control samples (11.49 %). Minerals used in this study increased the content of β-β resinous alcohol linkages and decreased the content of benzodioxane linkages. Thermal desorption unit gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis indicated that K and Na increased the production of volatile phenolic compounds, while Ca and Mg reduced their production. The results of this study suggest that SH lignin in the presence of minerals during roasting causes the breaking of lignin linkage bonds, which affects the lignin degradation products.