The Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) has provided technical assistance to support government efforts to scale up rural sanitation since 2007 through Scaling up Rural Sanitation (TSSM). One of the central objectives of this initiative is to learn how to improve rural sanitation at a scale sufficient to meet the 2015 millennium development goal for sanitation in Indonesia, Tanzania, and the states of Himachal Pradesh (HP) and Madhya Pradesh (MP) in India, and to then use the lessons learned to help replicate policy, programmatic, and service delivery approaches in other countries. Endline assessments of the programmatic and institutional conditions (referred to by the project as the enabling environment) needed to scale up, sustain, and replicate the total sanitation and sanitation marketing approaches were conducted in all three countries: East Java province in Indonesia
ten districts in Tanzania
and Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Baseline assessments of the enabling environment were conducted in late 2007 during the start-up phase of the overall project. The baseline assessments identified weaknesses in the enabling environment in each country and made concrete recommendations for WSP technical support to help address these gaps. These recommendations were incorporated into WSP work plans in each of the countries. The purpose of this report is to synthesize the key findings, conclusions, and recommendations from these three assessments to provide guidance and insight for other countries seeking to create large-scale sustainable rural sanitation programs.