Jobs and Land Use within Cities

• Tác giả: Arti Grover Goswami
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 333.33 Transfer of possession and of right to use
• Thông tin xuất bản: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank, 2021
• Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở
• ID: 235619
• Chủ đề: 1. AGGLOMERATION ECONOMICS; 2. LAND USE REGULATION; 3. MONOCENTRIC; 4. POLYCENTRIC; 5. SPATIAL ECONOMICS

Tóm tắt

Over the last century, the urban spatial structure of cities has transformed dramatically from a traditional monocentric configuration to varying forms of decentralized organization. This paper reviews theory and empirical evidence to understand the urban morphology of jobs and land use within a city. Our survey highlights four broad insights: (i) The evolution of monocentric to polycentric centers have been accompanied by structural changes within the city. (ii) The internal geography of a city is an outcome of the trade-off between the pull from agglomeration economies and the push from congestion. (iii) The presence of externalities implies that the equilibrium spatial organization achieved by profit-maximizing firms may not necessarily be optimal. This justifies the role of public policy in addressing associated market failures. (iv) The productive edge and competitiveness of a city can be enhanced by introducing policies that increase the overall connectivity to take advantage of economic opportunities across the metropolitan area. The survey also puts together a wide range of policy instruments useful in closing the gap between equilibrium urban spatial structures and the optimal outcome.