INTRODUCTION: Liposarcoma, one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas, originates from primitive mesenchymal cells. However, spinal involvement of liposarcoma, whether primary or metastatic, is rare. According to literature reports, myxoid/round cell liposarcomas are the most common types affecting the spine. Spinal liposarcomas, whether primary or metastatic, have only been sporadically reported. CASE PRESENTATION: The author presents an unusual case of recurrent myxoid liposarcoma originating from the erector spinae muscle, infiltrating the upper thoracic spine in a 65-year-old female. The patient presented with a 1-week history of progressively worsening right chest and back pain. The treatment approach involved surgical intervention with wide tumor resection, spinal cord decompression, posterior instrumentation, and thoracoplasty, complemented by radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: The preferred treatment is en bloc resection with wide margins. Postoperative radiation therapy can serve as complementary treatment for piecemeal resection. A follow-up is necessary because of the potential for recurrence.