Reproduction is an energetically costly activity and so is often timed to occur when conditions are most favorable. However, human-induced changes in long-term, seasonal, and short-term climatic conditions have imposed negative consequences for reproduction across a range of mammals. Whilst the effect of climate change on reproduction in temperate species is well known, its effect on equatorial species is comparatively understudied. We used long-term ecological data (~20 yr) to investigate the impact of changes in rainfall and temperature on reproduction in an equatorial mammal, the banded mongoose (