Tình trạng dinh dưỡng và hiệu quả nuôi ăn qua sonde cho bệnh nhân ung thư tại Bệnh viện Ung Bướu Đà Nẵng=Nutritional status and effectiveness of tube feeding in cancer patients at Da Nang Oncology Hospital

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Tác giả: Thị Khánh Hoài Nguyễn, Văn Công Phan, Thị Thanh Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam (Tổng hội Y học Việt Nam), 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.331-340

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 242163

Thêm vào giỏ

Description of the Nutritional Status of Patients Fed Through Tubes and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Tube Feeding for Cancer Patients at Da Nang Oncology Hospital in 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional description was conducted on 62 patients receiving tube feeding at Da Nang Oncology Hospital from February to September 2023. Results: The study involved 62 patients with an average age of 61.9 ± 8.9 years
males accounted for 83.8%. Most cases were head and neck cancers, constituting 77.4%, and gastrointestinal cancers made up 19.4%. Tube feeding methods included 53.2% nasogastric feeding and 40.3% percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) feeding. Nutritional status before intervention: malnutrition according to BMI was 54.8%
according to SGA was 95.1%, with severe malnutrition being 29%. 98.4% of patients used the hospital's tube feeding regimen, and 100% used nutritional supplements. After 14 days of intervention: weight increased by 0.94kg ± 2.02 and BMI increased by 0.36 ± 0.75kg/m² (p <
0.05)
malnutrition according to SGA decreased to 67.7%, and severe malnutrition decreased to 3.2% (p <
0.001). Complications related to tube feeding included mechanical complications such as mucosal abrasion (17.7%)
gastrointestinal complications included constipation (43.5%), vomiting and nausea (37.1%), and diarrhea (11.3%). Metabolic complications primarily involved electrolyte imbalances (37.1%). Conclusions: The malnutrition rate before feeding is still high
patients show improvement in weight, reducing the malnutrition rate in both BMI and SGA indices. The improvement in nutritional status is related to specialized nutritional consultations before feeding
common complications when feeding through a tube are constipation, vomiting and nausea.Mô tả tình trạng dinh dưỡng bệnh nhân nuôi ăn qua sonde và đánh giá hiệu quả nuôi ăn qua sonde cho bệnh nhân ung thư tại bệnh viện Ung bướu Đà Nẵng năm 2023. Đối tượng, phương pháp: mô tả cắt ngang trên 62 bệnh nhân nuôi ăn qua sonde tại Bệnh viện Ung bướu Đà Nẵng từ tháng 2 đến tháng 9 năm 2023. Kết quả: 62 bệnh nhân với độ tuổi trung bình 61,9 ± 8,9 tuổi
nam chiếm 83,8%
chủ yếu là UT đầu cổ với tỷ lệ 77,4%, UT tiêu hóa chiếm 19,4%
53,2% nuôi ăn qua mũi - dạ dày, 40,3% MTDD nuôi ăn. Tình trạng dinh dưỡng trước can thiệp: SDD theo BMI chiếm 54,8%
theo SGA chiếm 95,1%, trong đó SDD nặng chiếm 29%. 98,4% bệnh nhân được sử dụng chế độ ăn qua sonde của bệnh viện và 100% có sử dụng thực phẩm bổ sung. Sau can thiệp 14 ngày: cân nặng tăng 0,94kg ± 2,02 và BMI tăng 0,36 ± 0,75kg/m2(p <
0,05)
SDD theo SGA giảm còn 67,7%, SDD nặng giảm còn 3,2% (p <
0,001). Các biến chứng liên quan đến nuôi ăn qua sonde: biến chứng cơ học chủ yếu là trầy xước niêm mạc, chiếm 17,7%
biến chứng tiêu hóa: táo bón là hay gặp với tỷ lệ 43,5%, nôn và buồn nôn 37,1%, tiêu chảy 11,3%. Biến chứng chuyển hóa chủ yếu là rối loạn điện giải 37,1%. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ SDD trước khi nuôi dưỡng còn cao
BN có cải thiện cân nặng, giảm tỷ lệ SDD ở cả chỉ số BMI và SGA, việc cải thiện tình trạng dinh dưỡng có liên quan đến việc khám chuyên khoa dinh dưỡng trước khi nuôi ăn
các biến chứng hay gặp khi nuôi ăn qua sonde là táo bón, nôn và buồn nôn.

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