Một số vấn đề về quan hệ dân tộc xuyên biên giới Việt Nam - Trung Quốc hiện nay=Some Issues on Current Vietnam-China Cross-border Ethnic Relations

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Tác giả: Văn Minh Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Dân tộc học, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.70

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 242777

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The Vietnam-China border area constitutes the primary habitation for numerous ethnic groups, each belonging to distinct linguistic factions and sharing enduring historical connections. Many of these groups possess ethnic counterparts and relatives residing on the opposite side of the border, resulting in the establishment and augmentation of cross-border ethnic relationships. By elucidating the present state of ethnic minority relations across the Vietnam-China border, this article illustrates that the burgeoning interconnections offer ample opportunities for mutual assistance in production development, trade exchange, labour migration, marriage, and cultural interchange. However, a significant number of border crossings contravene the legal regulations pertaining to border management and safeguarding in both Vietnam and China. Consequently, prevailing issues persist within the extant crossborder ethnic relations in the Northern border, necessitating resolution. Concurrently, it is imperative to implement more pertinent policies in the contemporary economic restructuring landscape, aimed at generating employment, fostering ethnic cultural values, fortifying national culture for advancement, and ensuring political security and territorial defence in border regions. Drawing upon synthesised field data from October to November 2022 and March 2023 in the provinces of Quang Ninh, Cao Bang, and Lao Cai, and referencing other published research findings, the article delineates various facets and current quandaries of Vietnam-China cross-border ethnic relations.Vùng biên giới Việt Nam - Trung Quốc (Việt - Trung) là địa bàn sinh sống chủ yếu của nhiều tộc người thuộc các ngôn ngữ khác nhau, có quan hệ lâu dài về nguồn gốc lịch sử, trong đó nhiều dân tộc có đồng tộc và thân tộc cư trú ở dọc hai bên biên giới, dẫn đến việc hình thành và ngày càng gia tăng các mối quan hệ dân tộc xuyên biên giới. Trên cơ sở làm rõ thực trạng quan hệ dân tộc xuyên biên giới Việt - Trung của người dân các tộc người, bài viết cho thấy do mối quan hệ này ngày càng gia tăng nên người dân các tộc người hai bên biên giới có nhiều cơ hội hỗ trợ nhau phát triển sản xuất, trao đổi thương mại, di cư lao động, hôn nhân, giao lưu văn hóa,... Song, phần lớn các trường hợp qua lại biên giới đều vi phạm các quy định pháp luật về quản lý và bảo vệ biên giới của hai nước Việt Nam, Trung Quốc. Do đó, vẫn còn không ít vấn đề đặt ra đối với quan hệ dân tộc xuyên biên giới phía Bắc hiện nay cần giải quyết, đồng thời cần thực hiện những chính sách phù hợp hơn với bối cảnh hiện nay về đổi mới cơ cấu kinh tế, giải quyết việc làm, phát huy các giá trị văn hóa tộc người, đồng thời tăng cường văn hóa quốc gia phục vụ phát triển, đảm bảo an ninh, chính trị và quốc phòng vùng biên giới. Trên cơ sở tổng hợp nguồn tư liệu điền dã tháng 10 - 11 năm 2022 và tháng 3 năm 2023 tại các tỉnh Quảng Ninh, Cao Bằng, Lào Cai và tham khảo các kết quả nghiên cứu khác đã công bố, bài viết trình bày một số khía cạnh về quan hệ tộc người xuyên biên giới Việt - Trung và vấn đề đặt ra hiện nay.

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