The goal of this study is to apply neuroscience to analyze the influence of factors on students’ ability to concentrate when reading science literacy. The study used the Muse 2 device, documents, scientific articles and informational tests to collect brain electrical data from participants. The research team collected and analyzed opinion survey data of 214 students and electroencephalographic data of 127 students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education. Research results show that concentration has a certain influence on students’ reading comprehension results. Besides, students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education have the right opinion about the appropriate reading environment. From the results of this study, the research team proposed an environment with appropriate light intensity and noise intensity factors to improve students’ ability to concentrate on reading.The goal of this study is to apply neuroscience to analyze the influence of factors on students’ ability to concentrate when reading science literacy. The study used the Muse 2 device, documents, scientific articles and informational tests to collect brain electrical data from participants. The research team collected and analyzed opinion survey data of 214 students and electroencephalographic data of 127 students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education. Research results show that concentration has a certain influence on students’ reading comprehension results. Besides, students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education have the right opinion about the appropriate reading environment. From the results of this study, the research team proposed an environment with appropriate light intensity and noise intensity factors to improve students’ ability to concentrate on reading.