Thoái hóa khớp, thách thức với sức khỏe người cao tuổi và “cửa sổ cơ hội” cho điều trị=Osteoarthritis, A challenge for the health of the elderly and the “window of opportunity” for treatment

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Tác giả: Anh Thư Lê

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam (Tổng hội Y học Việt Nam), 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.77-87

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 243681

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OA is the most challenging joint disease for humans, especially as life expectancy is increasingly improving because of the increasing rate and burden of disease, but currently there is no treatment is effective in interfering with the disease process. The initial manifestations of OA, especially with the knee joint, need to be identified because early detection and diagnosis of the disease will be effective in primary care, helping to reduce the disease burden significantly through appropriate management including health education, nutrition, exercise and weight management (when necessary) and addressing lifestyle-related risk factors for progression of the disease. This is considered the best period or “window of opportunity” for treatment. There have been many efforts to identify reliable initial symptoms of OA on the basis of disease classification criteria including molecular biomarkers, risk factors and initial images of the disease/disease progression...enables well-designed clinical studies, facilitates interventional trials, and supports the discovery and validation of cellular and molecular targets for therapeutics new and effective method for OA. However, until now, OA still does not have a breakthrough treatment solution, so early diagnosis and comprehensive intervention right from the beginning, making the most of the "window of opportunity" for treatment and use. Appropriate use of proven drug groups (SYSADOA & NSAIDs such as celecoxib) remains an essential measure in the management of OA.Thoái hóa khớp - THK (Osteoarthritis - OA) là một bệnh lý khớp thách thức nhất với con người, đặc biệt khi tuổi thọ ngày càng được cải thiện vì tỉ lệ và gánh nặng bệnh tật ngày càng cao, nhưng hiện vẫn chưa có phương pháp điều trị nào thật hữu hiệu để can thiệp vào tiến trình bệnh. Những biểu hiện ban đầu của Thoái hóa khớp, đặc biệt với khớp gối, rất cần được xác định vì việc phát hiện và chẩn đoán bệnh thật sớm sẽ có hiệu quả trong chăm sóc ban đầu, giúp giảm bớt gánh nặng bệnh tật một cách chủ động và đáng kể thông qua việc quản lý phù hợp bao gồm giáo dục sức khỏe, dinh dưỡng, tập thể dục và quản lý cân nặng (khi cần thiết) và giải quyết các yếu tố nguy cơ liên quan đến lối sống đối với sự tiến triển của bệnh. Đây được coi là giai đoạn tốt nhất hay “cửa sổ cơ hội” của điều trị. Đã có nhiều nỗ lực nhằm xác định những triệu chứng ban đầu tin cậy của THK trên cơ sở các tiêu chí phân loại bệnh bao gồm các dấu ấn sinh học phân tử, các yếu tố nguy cơ và hình ảnh ban đầu về bệnh/hoặc tiến triển bệnh... cho phép các nghiên cứu lâm sàng được thiết kế tốt, tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho các thử nghiệm can thiệp, đồng thời hỗ trợ phát hiện và xác nhận các mục tiêu tế bào và phân tử cho các liệu pháp mới, hiệu quả cho THK. Tuy nhiên, cho đến hiện tại, THK vẫn chưa có giải pháp điều trị mang tính đột phá, do vậy chẩn đoán sớm và can thiệp toàn diện ngay từ đầu, tận dụng tối đa “cửa sổ cơ hội” của điều trị và sử dụng một cách thích hợp các nhóm thuốc đã được chứng minh hiện có (SYSADOA & NSAIDs ức chế chọn lọc COX2 như celecoxib) vẫn là một biện pháp hết sức cần thiết trong quản lý THK.

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