Thực trạng và một số yếu tố liên quan đến thiếu máu thiếu sắt của học sinh 12-18 tuổi có hồng cầu nhỏ tại Sơn Động, Bắc Giang năm 2024=Status and some factors related to iron deficiency microcytic anemia of 12-18 age school children in Son Đong, Bac Giang in 2024

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Tác giả: Thị Khuy Bùi, Thị Ngân Hứa, Công Tước Lê, Như Phố Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam (Tổng hội Y học Việt Nam), 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.273-279

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 243743

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The current status of iron deficiency anemia in 12-18 year old high school students with microcytic red blood cells in Son Dong district, Bac Giang province. Comment on some factors related to microcytic iron deficiency anemia. Subjects and research methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 2497 secondary and high school students in Son Dong district, Bac Giang province. Results: Through the study of 2497 students aged 12-18 years old, 23.2% were anemic, 29.4% were iron deficient, 12.9% were iron deficient. In which, women had more iron deficient anemia than men with a rate of 57.6% and mainly severe iron deficiency cases (81%). In iron deficiency cases, up to 73% of iron deficiency cases were not excluded from carrying the Alpha Thalassemia gene, 22.2% of cases had the Beta Thalassemia gene and 4.8% had the hemoglobin E gene. Related factors: The Nung ethnic group had the highest rate of iron deficiency anemia, parents who were cadres had a lower rate than other subjects. Conclusions: 1) The rate of iron deficiency among students is 29.4%, mainly from 13-16 years old. The rate of anemia in the severe iron deficiency group is 65.65% and the mild iron deficiency group is 39.75%. 2) The ethnic groups with high iron deficiency rates are Hoa (36%), Nung (34%), Cao Lan (29.3%), San Chay (31.8%), Tay (25.2%) and Kinh (29.5%). Women have more iron deficiency anemia than men and are mainly cases of severe iron deficiency (81%).Thực trạng thiếu máu thiếu sắt ở học sinh phổ thông 12-18 tuổi có hồng cầu nhỏ tại huyện Sơn Động tỉnh Bắc Giang. Nhận xét một số yếu tố liên quan đến thiếu máu thiếu sắt hồng cầu nhỏ. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 2497 học sinh THCS và THPT huyện Sơn Động tỉnh Bắc Giang. Kết quả: Qua nghiên cứu 2497 học sinh tuổi 12-18 tuổi, có 23,2 % thiếu máu, 29,4 % thiếu sắt,12,9 % thiếu máu thiếu sắt. Trong đó Nữ giới bị thiếu máu thiếu sắt nhiều hơn nam giới với tỷ lệ 57,6% và chủ yếu là các trường hợp thiếu sắt nặng (81%). Trong các trường hợp thiếu sắt thì có tới 73% các trường hợp thiếu sắt chưa loại trừ mang gen Alpha Thalassemia, 22,2% trường hợp có mang gen Beta Thalassemia và 4,8% có mang gen huyết sắc tố E kèm theo. Các yếu tố liên quan: Dân tộc Nùng thiếu máu thiếu sắt chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất,cha mẹ là cán bộ tỷ lệ thấp hơn các đối tượng khác. Kết luận: 1) Tỉ lệ học sinh có thiếu sắt là 29.4 % chủ yếu là từ 13-16 tuổi. Tỉ lệ thiếu máu ở nhóm thiếu sắt nặng là 65,65% và nhóm thiếu sắt nhẹ là 39,75%. 2) Các dân tộc có tỉ lệ thiếu sắt cao là Hoa (36%),Nùng (34%), Cao Lan (29,3%), Sán Chay (31,8%), Tày (25,2%) và Kinh (29,5%). Nữ giới bị thiếu máu thiếu sắt nhiều hơn nam giới và chủ yếu là các trường hợp thiếu sắt nặng (81%).

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