Khảo sát mức độ đề kháng kháng sinh của vi khuẩn staphylococcus aureus tại bệnh viện đa khoa Đồng Nai=Survey on the antibiotic resistance level of staphylococcus aureus bacteria at dong nai general hospital.

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Tác giả: Minh Ý Đào, Văn Minh Lâm, Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Công nghệ Đồng Nai, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.132-140

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 244028

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Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic agent in humans that can cause a variety of conditions, ranging from relatively mild skin infections to severe life-threatening infections. Currently, S. aureus is recognized for its ability to resist most types of antibiotics, including highly potent ones. Particularly, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a significant challenge in treatment. A study was conducted to assess the antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus at Dong Nai General Hospital during the 2022-2023 period. Using a cross-sectional design with descriptive and analytical components, the study involved the analysis of 277 clinical specimens infected with S. aureus. Bacterial cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed. The research revealed an MRSA prevalence of 85.6% (237 cases). Clindamycin resistance was observed in 3.3% of cases, with 2.5% exhibiting resistance to both clindamycin and MRSA, as confirmed by genotypic testing (D-test). No cases of vancomycin resistance were found, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 µg/mL in 76.2% of cases. High rates of resistance were noted for other antibiotics: clindamycin (82.3%), erythromycin (84.4%), benzylpenicillin (100%), tetracycline (61.0%), levofloxacin (31.4%), moxifloxacin (30.0%), ciprofloxacin (31.0%), trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (30.0%). The study data clearly indicate a high and increasing resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics over the years. Notably, MRSA can cause both community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections. Multiple strains of S. aureus with various drug-resistant genes were identified simultaneously. Although the MIC values for vancomycin in the study remained within the sensitive range (<
2 µg/mL), there is a considerable risk of treatment failure against MRSA due to the prevalence of MIC values ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 µg/mL, accounting for 76.2% of casesStaphylococcus aureus là một tác nhân gây bệnh ở người có thể dẫn đến nhiều bệnh cảnh, từ nhiễm trùng da tương đối nhẹ cho đến các nhiễm trùng nặng đe dọa tính mạng, hiện tại S. aureus được ghi nhận có khả năng kháng lại hầu hết các loại thuốc kháng sinh, kể cả những loại kháng sinh rất mạnh. Đặc biệt, S. aureus kháng methicillin (MRSA) gây ra nhiều thách thức lớn trong điều trị. Nghiên cứu tiến hành khảo sát mức độ đề kháng kháng sinh của S. aureus tại bệnh viện Đa Khoa Đồng Nai. Với thiết kế cắt ngang mô tả có phân tích, trên 277 bệnh phẩm nhiễm S. aureus được chỉ định cấy vi khuẩn và làm kháng sinh đồ. Nghiên cứu ghi nhận tỷ lệ MRSA 237 ca (85,6%)
kháng cảm ứng clindamycin: 9 ca (3,3%), mang cả hai gen D-test và MRSA là 6 ca (2,5%)
không có ca nào kháng vancomycin và nồng độ ức chế tối thiểu (MIC) của vancomycin: từ 1,0 – 2,0 µg/mL là 76,2%
Tỷ lệ kháng cao các kháng sinh khác: clindamycin (82,3%), erythromycin (84,4%), benzylpenicillin (100%), tetracycline (61,0%), levofloxacin (31,4%), moxifloxacin (30,0%), ciprofloxacin (31,0%), trimethoprim– sulfamethoxazole (30,0%). Qua số liệu nghiên cứu dễ dàng nhận thấy tình hình kháng methicillin và các kháng sinh khác rất cao. Đáng chú ý là MRSA có thể gây ra cả nhiễm trùng cộng đồng và bệnh viện. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy xuất hiện các chủng S. aureus mang nhiều gen kháng thuốc cùng lúc. Trong nghiên cứu giá trị MIC vancomycin vẫn còn nằm trong giới hạn nhạy cảm (<
2 µg/mL) nhưng có nhiều nguy cơ thất bại trong điều trị MRSA do MIC vancomycin: từ 1,0 – 2,0 µg/mL là 76,2%.

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