Tầm soát nhiễm HPV ở nam giới=Screening on HPV infection in men

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Tác giả: Thị Nhung Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam (Tổng hội Y học Việt Nam), 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.47-52

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 245024

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) là loại virus thông thường nhất hiện diện trong đường sinh dục. Vì thế, nhiễm HPV là một trong những bệnh lây truyền qua đường tình dục phổ biến nhất. Mặc dù vậy, những dữ liệu về dịch tễ học của HPV ở nam giới còn rất ít. CDC vẫn chưa có khuyến cáo tầm soát HPV cho nam giới một cách thường qui trước khi họ có biểu hiện các triệu chứng lâm sàng. Theo một nghiên cứu mới được công bố năm 2023 trong tạp chí The Lancet Global Health thì nam giới thường là nơi ẩn chứa của các týp HPV sinh dục và cũng nhấn mạnh đến tầm quan trọng của việc phải đưa nam giới vào tầm kiểm soát bệnh nhiễm HPV để làm giảm tỉ lệ mắc mới ở cả nam và nữ. Ở đàn ông, nhiễm HPV thể hiện lâm sàng là u nhú vùng hậu môn sinh dục. Bệnh ung thư dương vật, hậu môn, hầu họng thường liên quan đến HPV 16. Đến nay vẫn chưa có cách điều trị đặc hiệu mà chỉ có thể điều trị triệu chứng. Vì thế, vấn đề quan trọng là để phòng chống nhiễm HPV cần thực hiện chủng ngừa HPV cho cả nữ và nam trước khi họ có quan hệ tình dục.Therefore, HPV infection is one of the most popular sexually transmitted diseases. However, the database on epidemiology of HPV in men has been scarce. CDC does not recommend detecting HPV for men routinely before they have clinical symptoms. According to a new study published in The Lancet Global Health Journal in 2023, men are often the reservoir of genital HPV types, and the importance of putting men under HPV infection control is also emphasized in order to reduce the incidence in both men and women. In men, HPV infection manifests clinically as anogenital papillomas. Penile cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer are usually related to HPV 16 infection. Until now, there is still no specific therapy for HPV - only symptomatic treatment is in use. Therefore, it is important to prevent HPV infection by vaccination for both men and women before they have sexual intercourse

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