Khảo sát đặc điểm và các yếu tố liên quan đến suy giảm nhận thức ở người bệnh cao tuổi tăng huyết áp=Survey on characteristics and related factors of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with hypertension

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Tác giả: Hữu Nhân Đoàn, Thái Thông Nguyễn, Thị Phương Hiền Nguyễn, Văn Thống Nguyễn, Văn Tuấn Nguyễn, Thiện Thắng Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y dược học Cần Thơ, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.182-188

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 245054

Thêm vào giỏ

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2021, the prevalence of cognitive impairment in people aged 60 and above is approximately 5-8% globally, and it doubles every 5 years. In the age group above 85, this rate can reach about 20-30%. Particularly in elderly patients with hypertension, cognitive impairment needs to be given more attention. Objective: To describe characteristics and analyze factors related to cognitive impairment in elderly patients with hypertension. Materials and methods: Elderly patients aged 60 and above diagnosed with hypertension and undergoing treatment at the Geriatric Department, Can Tho Central General Hospital from April 2020 to February 2022, using a cross-sectional descriptive study design with analysis. Cognitive assessment using Mini-Cog scale: Impaired cognition (<
4 points) and Non-impaired cognition (≥4 points). Results: Among the 180 elderly participants in the study, 23.3% had cognitive impairment according to the Mini-Cog scale. There was a statistically significant association between cognitive impairment and gender, social activity, and comorbidities in a univariate model. Individuals with more than two comorbidities had a higher rate of cognitive disorders, with an adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of 2.97 (1.36-6.37) after adjusting for other factors in the multivariate model. Conclusions: The prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with hypertension is 23.3%. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses revealed that there were more than 2 comorbidities significantly associated with the likelihood of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with hypertension.Theo WHO vào năm 2021, tỷ lệ rối loạn nhận thức ở người từ 60 tuổi trở lên là khoảng 5-8% trên toàn cầu, và tỷ lệ này tăng gấp đôi mỗi khi tăng thêm 5 năm tuổi. Ở nhóm tuổi trên 85 tuổi, tỷ lệ này có thể lên tới khoảng 20-30%. Đặc biệt ở người cao tuổi tăng huyết áp thì suy giảm nhận thức lại cần được quan tâm nhiều hơn. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Mô tả đặc điểm và phân tích một số yếu tố liên quan đến suy giảm nhận thức ở người bệnh cao tuổi tăng huyết áp. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Người bệnh từ 60 tuổi trở lên được chẩn đoán tăng huyết áp đang được điều trị tại khoa Nội lão học, Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ từ tháng 4/2020 đến tháng 02/2022, thiết kế nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có phân tích. Đánh giá nhận thức bằng thang điểm Mini-Cog: có suy giảm nhận thức (<
4 điểm) và không suy giảm nhận thức (≥4 điểm). Kết quả: Trong số 180 người cao tuổi tham gia nghiên cứu có 23,3% người có rối loạn nhận thức theo thang Mini-Cog, Có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa rối loạn nhận thức với yếu tố giới tính, hoạt động xã hội và số bệnh lý đi kèm trong mô hình đơn biến. Những người có số bệnh lý đi kèm >
2 loại có tỷ lệ rối loạn nhận thức cao hơn với OR (KTC 95%) là 2,97 (1,36-6,37) sau khi đã hiệu chỉnh các yếu tố khác trong mô hình đa biến. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ suy giảm nhận thức ở người bệnh cao tuổi có tăng huyết áp là 23,3%. Phân tích hồi quy đơn biến và đa biến ghi nhận có trên hai bệnh lý đi kèm liên quan đến khả năng suy giảm nhận thức ở người cao tuổi tăng huyết áp có ý nghĩa.

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