Đặc điểm lâm sàng và chẩn đoán vi nấm gây bệnh trên da bằng phương pháp soi trực tiếp và nuôi cấy định danh ở bệnh nhân đến xét nghiệm tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ=Clinical characteristics and diagnosis of cutaneous fungal disease on skin by microscopic examination and culture method on testing patients at Can Tho university medicine and pharmacy hospital

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Tác giả: Nguyễn Uyên Phương Lê, Thị Cẩm Ly Lê, Thị Thảo Linh Nguyễn, Hoàng Đạt Phan

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y dược học Cần Thơ, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.34-40

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 245097

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Cutaneous fungal disease is a common skin disease of superficial infections, although it is not fatal, it affects aesthetics and quality of life. Objectives: (1) To determine the prevalence of cutaneous fungal infections diagnosed by microscopic examination and culture method. (2) To describe the clinical characteristics and relationships of cutaneous fungal infections. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 143 patients having instructions for testing at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital Results: The prevalence of cutaneous fungal infections diagnosed by microscopic examination was 53.8% and diagnosed by culture method was 55.9 %. Compatibility level between microscopic examination and culture method shows Kappa 95.8%. The study recorded that the highest proportion of causative fungi is Candida albicans 16.1%, followed by Candida tropicalis 13.3%, and finally Trichophyton mentagrophytes 0.7%. The common clinical symptom is itching 93.75%. Common locations of damage are the face, neck 31.25% and the body 31.25%. Skin lesions include 60% papules, 50% scaly skin and the boundary of damage between healthy skin and diseased skin 30%. An association was found between cutaneous fungal infections and factors such as sweaty skin, oily skin, collective living, sharing towels and corticosteroid use (p<
0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of cutaneous fungal infections diagnosed by microscopic examination was 53.8% and diagnosed by culture method was 55.9%. The main symptom is itching 93.75%, the most common locations are the face, neck and body accounting for 31.25% respectively. It was demonstrated that sweaty skin, oily skin, collective living, sharing towels and corticosteroid use was associated with cutaneous fungal infections (p<
0.05).Nấm da là một bệnh thường gặp, tuy không gây tử vong nhưng lại ảnh hưởng đến thẩm mỹ và chất lượng cuộc sống. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: (1) Xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm da bằng phương pháp soi trực tiếp và nuôi cấy định danh (2) Mô tả một số đặc điểm lâm sàng và yếu tố liên quan nhiễm nấm da. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 143 bệnh nhân nhiễm nấm da đến khám và xét nghiệm tìm nấm tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm da xác định bằng phương pháp soi trực tiếp là 53,8%, bằng nuôi cấy là 55,9 %. Mức độ tương đồng giữa xét nghiệm soi trực tiếp với nuôi cấy cao, hệ số Kappa 95,8%. Loài nấm gây bệnh cao nhất là Candida albicans 16,1% và Candida tropicalis 13,3%, thấp nhất là Trichophyton mentagrophytes 0,7%. Triệu chứng lâm sàng phổ biến là ngứa 93,75%. Vị trí tổn thương thường gặp là mặt cổ 31,25% và thân mình 31,25%. Tổn thương da gồm sẩn da 60%, vảy da 50% và có ranh giới tổn thương giữa da lành và da bệnh 30%. Có mối liên quan giữa nhiễm nấm da và các yếu tố như ra nhiều mồ hôi, tình trạng da dầu, sống tập thể, dùng chung khăn và sử dụng thuốc Corticoid (p<
0,05). Kết luận: Tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm da phát hiện bằng phương pháp soi trực tiếp là 53,8%, nuôi cấy định danh là 55,9 %. Triệu chứng chính của nhiễm nấm là ngứa 93,75%, vị trí thường gặp ở mặt cổ và thân mình chiếm tỷ lệ lần lượt 31,25%. Có mối liên quan giữa nhiễm nấm da và các yếu tố như ra nhiều mồ hôi, tình trạng da dầu, sống tập thể, dùng chung khăn và sử dụng thuốc Corticoid (p<
0,05).

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