Nghiên cứu đặc điểm lâm sàng và một số yếu tố liên quan đến bệnh ghẻ tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Thành phố Cần Thơ=Study on clinical characteristics and some factors related to scabies at Can Tho hospital of dermato-venereology

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Tác giả: Thị Tiểu Vi Đặng, Ngọc Hào Nguyễn, Thị Như Bình Nguyễn, Thị Thùy Trang Nguyễn, Phúc Xuyên Phạm

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y dược học Cần Thơ, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.76-81

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 245120

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Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và xác định một số yếu tố liên quan đến bệnh ghẻ tại Bệnh viện Da liễu thành phố Cần Thơ. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 82 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán bệnh ghẻ tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Thành phố Cần Thơ từ tháng 05/2022 đến 05/2023. Kết quả: Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy thể ghẻ thông thường chiếm 69,5%, ghẻ bội nhiễm chiếm 24,4% và 6,1% ghẻ chàm hóa. Triệu chứng ngứa ở bệnh nhân mắc bệnh ghẻ trong đó ngứa nhiều về đêm chiếm 100%, có nhiều người cùng ngứa chiếm 15,9% và triệu chứng ngứa cả ngày lẫn đêm là 6,1%. Thương tổn da hay gặp nhất là sẩn hồng ban 84,1%, rảnh ghẻ 59,8%, mụn nước 51,1%. Vị trí thương tổn hay gặp nhất là vùng cẳng tay 72%, kẽ ngón tay và lòng bàn tay 65,9%, vị trí bụng và quanh thắt lưng 58,5%. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân mắc bệnh ghẻ từ 1 đến 3 tháng ở nhóm tuổi ≥60 tuổi và <
6 tuổi lần lượt là 20,7% và 14,6% cao hơn so với nhóm bệnh nhân có tuổi từ 6-15 tuổi và 36-59 tuổi (p<
0,05). Tỷ lệ mắc ghẻ thông thường ở trẻ dưới 6 tuổi và ≥60 tuổi lần lượt là 12,2% và 31,7% (p<
0,05). Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân mắc ghẻ thông thường có triệu chứng ngứa nhiều về đêm và có nhiều người cùng ngứa lần lượt là 64,6% và 4,9%, cao hơn so với tỷ lệ bệnh nhân mắc ghẻ thông thường có triệu chứng ngứa cả ngày và đêm (p<
0,05). Kết luận: Triệu chứng ngứa ở bệnh nhân mắc bệnh ghẻ trong đó ngứa nhiều về đêm chiếm 100%, có nhiều người cùng ngứa chiếm 15,9% và triệu chứng ngứa cả ngày lẫn đêm là 6,1%. Qua nghiên cứu cho thấy có mối liên quan giữa nhóm tuổi với thời gian mắc bệnh và thể lâm sàng của bệnh ghẻ.Scabies is a common skin disease in our country. The disease often appears in densely populated areas, with cramped housing, lack of sanitation and water. Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics and determine the related factors of scabies at Can Tho hospital of dermatovereology. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 patients with scabies at Can Tho hospital of dermato-vereology from May 2022 to May 2023. Results: The research has showed that 69.5% had common scabies, 24.4% had infected sccabies, 6.1% had crusted scabies. Itchy in patients with scabies include nocturnal itch 100%, itching in several family members 15.9% and itchy skin in both day and night accounting for 6.1%. The most common skin lesions are erythematous papules 84,1%, scabies linear eruption 59.8%, blisters 51.1%. The most common involved area for damage were forearm 72%, the finger and in the palm 65.9%, the abdomen and around the waist 58.5%. The rate of patients with scabies from 1 to 3 months in the age above 60 years old group and under 6 years old group is 20.7% and 14.6% respectively higher than the group of patients aged between 6 to 15 years old and 36 to-59 years old (p<
0.05). The ratio of common scabies in children under 6 years old and the elderly are 12.2% and 31.7%, (p<
0.05). The rate of patients with common scabies who have nocturnal itch and itching in several family members are 64.6% and 4.9%, higher than the rate of patients with common scabies with itchy skin in both day and night (p<
0.05). Conclusions: Itchy in patients with scabies include nocturnal itch accounting for 100%, itching in several family members accounting for 15.9% and itchy skin in both day and night accounting for 6.1%. The research shows that there is a relationship between age group and the duration of the disease and the clinical form of scabies.

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