The implementation of financial autonomy mechanisms has become a crucial factor accompanied by significant challenges in accounting practices for the sustainable development of vocational education and training institutions. This article analyzes the key challenges in accounting practices at VET institutions within the context of financial autonomy, while also proposing solutions to enhance accounting efficiency, improve transparency, and strengthen financial management effectiveness in these institutions.The implementation of financial autonomy mechanisms has become a crucial factor accompanied by significant challenges in accounting practices for the sustainable development of vocational education and training institutions. This article analyzes the key challenges in accounting practices at VET institutions within the context of financial autonomy, while also proposing solutions to enhance accounting efficiency, improve transparency, and strengthen financial management effectiveness in these institutions.