Literary translation plays a significant role in the development of any literarytradition. Translation Studies, in the case of The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway,uses a comparative approach to analyze and interpret the similarities and differences betweenvarious translations, then clarify the translation strategies of contemporary translators. Thiscomparison aims to highlight the role of internal and external textual factors in translationthat affect the readers' reception process.Literary translation plays a significant role in the development of any literarytradition. Translation Studies, in the case of The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway,uses a comparative approach to analyze and interpret the similarities and differences betweenvarious translations, then clarify the translation strategies of contemporary translators. Thiscomparison aims to highlight the role of internal and external textual factors in translationthat affect the readers' reception process.