Khảo sát đặc điểm trẻ viêm phổi có huyết thanh chẩn đoán Mycoplasma pneumoniae dương tính tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2=A survey of characteristics of pneumonia children with positive IgM Mycoplasma pneumoniae at Nhi Dong 2 Hospital

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Tác giả: Thảo Trâm Bùi, Quốc Huy Thịnh Nguyễn, Thị Thu Linh Nguyễn, Thị Thủy Tiên Nguyễn, Trần Ngọc Quỳnh Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Nguyễn Tất Thành, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.192

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ID: 248636

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) là tác nhân gây viêm phổi thường gặp ở trẻ em. Chẩn đoán bằng PCR có độ nhạy cao nhưng không phải luôn có sẵn nên huyết thanh đang được sử dụng thay thế. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát đặc điểm trẻ viêm phổi có IgM M. pneumoniae dương tính tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2 trong 3 tháng cuối năm 2023, ghi nhận 65 trẻ thỏa tiêu chuẩn nhận vào nghiên cứu. Kết quả cho thấy độ tuổi tập trung trong khoảng 3 tuổi đến 12 tuổi, không có sự chênh lệch về giới tính. Trẻ có triệu chứng ho (87,7 %), sốt (75,4 %) và triệu chứng tiêu hóa như buồn nôn, nôn cũng thường gặp (33,9 %). Khi thăm khám, 87,7 % trẻ có rale ẩm ở phổi. Không ghi nhận bất thường số lượng bạch cầu nhưng CRP >
20 mg/L lại gặp ở hơn ½ dân số (55,4 %), tổn thương X-Quang ghi nhận tổn thương ở thùy dưới phổi phải (40 %), siêu âm màng phổi ghi nhận hình ảnh đông đặc nhu mô phổi ở 60 % trẻ. Macrolide và cephalosporin thế hệ 3 thường sử dụng để điều trị ban đầu, sau đó 15,4 % trẻ được chuyển sang levofloxacin. Thời gian nằm viện trung bình là (9 ± 4,95) ngày và 100 % trẻ thuyên giảm bệnh khi xuất viện, không có tử vong trong lô nghiên cứu.Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major cause of pneumonia in children at the age of (2-18) (45.3 %). As PCR is highly sensitive but is not always available, M. pneumoniae serum test can be used instead. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive study to survey the characteristics of pneumonia in children with IgM Mycoplasma pneumoniae positive at Nhi Dong 2 Hospital in the last 3 months, 65 patients satisfied the requirement. Results have shown that 3 to under 12 years old was the main age and with no gender differences. Cough (87.7 %), fever (75.4 %), and digestive symptoms (33,9 %) such as vomit, and nausea were also common. Physical examination showed that 87.7 % was moist rales. Blood tests showed that in most cases, normal limits white blood cells but CRP >
20 mg/L has happened in ½ children (55.4 %). The location of damage on chest X-ray 40 % was the lower lobe of the right lung, lung ultrasound showed 60 % pulmonary consolidation. Macrolide and 3rd generation cephalosporins were used as first-line treatment, 15.4 % children were switched to Levofloxacin. The mean hospital stay was (9 ± 4,95) days and 100 % recovered from the disease after discharged from the hospital and no deaths were recorded according to the research.

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