BACKGROUND: T-piece is recommended for respiratory support during neonatal stabilisation. Bench studies have shown a delay >
30 s in achieving changes in fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO METHODS: Neopuff (Fisher and Paykel, Auckland, New Zealand) and rPAP (Inspiration Healthcare, Croydon, UK) were used to ventilate a test lung. DS equivalent to neonatal face masks was added between the T-piece and test lung. Additionally, rPAP was tested with nasal prongs. Time course for change in FiO RESULTS: In all experiments, the mean time to reach the primary outcome was significantly shorter for rPAP with prongs compared with Neopuff and rPAP with face mask DS (p<
0.001). The largest observed difference occurred when testing a decrease in FiO CONCLUSION: There was a delay in achieving changes in oxygen delivery at the airway during simulated ventilation attributable to the mask volume. This delay was greatly reduced when using nasal prongs as an interface. This should be examined in clinical trials.