Đặc điểm ra hoa làm quả và năng suất dược liệu của cây thiên môn đông (asparagus cochinchinensis (lour.) merr.) tại Quảng Ninh=Flowering and Fruiting Characteristics and Yield of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. in Quang Ninh

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Tác giả: Thị Hồng Anh Bùi

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: KH Nông nghiệp VN, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.1413-1419

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 251268

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Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.) is a special plant with the characteristics of a dioecious plant. This study contributes to building a database for Asparagus breeding. 20-month-old plants of two types of A. cochinchinensis plants, (non-fruiting (TMĐ01) and fruiting (TMĐ02), were propagated by separating buds in Quang La, Ha Long, Quang Ninh. The treatments wes arranged in a sequential experiment with 3 repetitions with plot size of 50m2, from 2022-2023. The flowers of the non-fruiting (TMĐ01) showed a reduced ovary and the stamens had a full set of 6 anthers attached to the tip of the filament and filled with pollen. The fruiting flower had a developed ovary with 3 carpels and reduced stamen. There were 353.07 flowers/branch (TMĐ01 type) to 395.26 flowers/branch (TMĐ02 type), fruit diameter reached 8.57mm. There were 110.7 fruits/branch and 278.4g seeds/clump, weight of 1000 seeds reached 34g. At 30 months after planting, the fruitting plant grew better, with a height of 201 cm and 39.90 branches/clump, root diameter (36.19cm) and root length (44.07cm). The number of roots/clump (323.6 roots) in TMĐ01 plant was higher than of TMĐ02. The individual yield of the 2 plant types wasnot significant different, fluctuating from 1.72 kg/clump to 1.81 kg/clump at 30 months after planting.Thiên môn đông (Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.) là cây dược liệu có giá trị, loại cây đặc biệt khi mang đặc điểm của cây đơn tính khác gốc. Nghiên cứu góp phần xây dựng cơ sở dữ liệu cho chọn tạo giống Thiên môn đông. Hai dạng cây Thiên môn đông, Dạng 1: không tạo quả (TMĐ01) và Dạng 2: có tạo quả (TMĐ02), cây 20 tháng tuổi nhân giống bằng tách mầm, tại Quảng La, Hạ Long, Quảng Ninh. Bố trí theo kiểu tuần tự 3 lần nhắc lại. Diện tích ô thí nghiệm là 50m2, thí nghiệp được thực hiện từ 2022-2023. Hoa Thiên môn đông dạng không tạo quả có bầu nhụy tiêu giản
Bộ nhị có đầy đủ 6 bao phấn đính ở ngọn chỉ nhị, chứa đầy hạt phấn
Hoa có tạo quả có bầu nhuy gồm 3 lá noãn hợp, bao phấn tiêu giảm. Có 353,07 hoa/nhánh (dạng TMĐ01) đến 395,26 hoa/nhánh (dạng TMĐ02), đường kính quả đạt 8,57mm, có 110,73 quả/nhánh
278,40g hạt/khóm, khối lượng 1.000 hạt đạt 34,10g. Tại thời điểm 30 tháng sau trồng, dạng cây tạo quả sinh trưởng tốt hơn chiều cao đạt 201,50cm
39,90 nhánh/khóm. Đường kính bộ rễ 36,19cm và chiều dài rễ đạt 44,07cm. Số rễ củ/khóm (323,60 củ) ở dạng cây TMĐ01 cao hơn TMĐ02. Năng suất cá thể của 2 dạng cây không có sự sai khác có ý nghĩa, biến động từ 1,72 kg/khóm -1,81 kg/khóm tại thời điểm 30 tháng sau trồng.

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