Nghiên cứu lý thuyết và thực nghiệm về thu hồi nhiệt từ khí thải của động cơ ô tô để tạo ra điện trong máy phát nhiệt điện=Theoretical and experimental studies of heat recovery from exhaust gases of an automotive engine to generate electricity in a thermoelectric generator

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Tác giả: Dương Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học & Công nghệ Đại học Duy Tân, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.11-19

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 251348

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Nhiệt năng từ quá trình đốt cháy nhiên liệu thải ra môi trường với khí thải của động cơ đốt trong chiếm tới một nửa, và trong một số trường hợp, lên đến hai phần ba, tổng năng lượng bên trong của nhiên liệu được phun. Do đó, việc tận dụng nguồn nhiệt thải này luôn được các nhà nghiên cứu, nhà sản xuất động cơ chú trọng nghiên cứu và cải tiến. Sử dụng nhiệt để tăng áp đã được áp dụng rộng rãi. Ngoài ra, một số động cơ đốt trong cũ chưa có tăng áp, và ngay cả khi sử dụng tăng áp, nhiệt năng của khí thải phía sau tuabin khí vẫn ở mức cao. Nó có thể được sử dụng trong chu trình rankine hoặc rankine hữu cơ bằng cách làm bay hơi nước. Công nghệ này là thách thức để áp dụng trên ô tô do không gian hạn chế trong bố trí phòng máy. Sử dụng TEG để sản xuất điện bằng cách tận dụng năng lượng nhiệt thải của động cơ có nhiều ưu điểm, chẳng hạn như chuyển đổi năng lượng “phi cơ học”, không có bộ phận chuyển động, không có tiếng ồn làm việc, tự động hóa và độ tin cậy cao, tuổi thọ cao, thuận tiện trong vận hành, quán tính nhỏ, dễ dàng điều chỉnh và thông số ổn định. Bài viết giới thiệu mô-đun nhiệt điện và các ứng dụng của nó, mô hình của máy phát nhiệt điện và một số kết quả thí nghiệm điều tra ứng dụng của máy phát điện được lắp đặt trên ống xả của động cơ Toyota 7K-E để tận dụng năng lượng nhiệt thải biến thành điện, tạo thêm năng lượng cho hệ thống điện của xe.Thermal energy from fuel combustion released into the environment with the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine accounts for up to half, and in some cases, up to two-thirds, of the total internal energy of the injected fuel. Therefore, utilizing this waste heat energy is always focused on research and improvement by researchers and engine manufacturers. Utilizing heat for turbocharging has been widely applied. In addition, some older internal combustion engines do not yet have turbocharging, and even when using turbocharging, the thermal energy of the exhaust gas behind the gas turbine remains high. It can be utilized in the rankine or organic rankine cycle by evaporating water. This technology is challenging to apply in automobiles due to the limited space in the engine room layout. Using the Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) to produce electricity by taking advantage of engine exhaust heat energy has many advantages, such as “non-mechanical” energy conversion, no moving parts, no working noise, automatism and high reliability, long life, convenience in operation, small inertia, easy adjustment, and stable parameters. The article introduces the thermoelectric module and its applications, the model of the thermoelectric generator, and some experimental results investigating the application of the generator installed on the exhaust pipe of the Toyota 7K-E engine to take advantage of exhaust heat energy turned into electricity, creating additional power for the vehicle's electrical system.

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