Một bộ dữ liệu dài hạn về dữ liệu nhiệt độ tại chỗ cho thấy hiện tượng nước dâng lên và hạ xuống do gió gây ra ở vùng biển ven bờ Nha Trang, Nam Trung Bộ Việt Nam=A long-term dataset of in-situ temperature data reveals wind-induced up- and downwelling in the coastal waters of Nha Trang, South Central Vietnam

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Tác giả: Andreas Kunzmann, David Brefeld, Trung Du Hoang, Sina Pinter, Thomas Pohlmann

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Khoa học và Công nghệ Biển, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.319-334

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 251919

Thêm vào giỏ

Để thực hiện quản lý ven biển và bảo vệ san hô thành công, cần phải hiểu rõ các quá trình ven biển của Vịnh Nha Trang và thực hiện các biện pháp thích hợp để bảo vệ san hô và cấu trúc rạn san hô. Bài viết này nhằm mục đích phân tích xem những thay đổi đột ngột trong các thông số vật lý, chẳng hạn như nhiệt độ, có thể gây hại cho các rạn san hô ven biển hay không, bên cạnh các yếu tố nhân tạo như ô nhiễm và đánh bắt quá mức. Trong bài báo này, quan sát dài hạn đầu tiên (2008–2019) về nhiệt độ, không chỉ từ dữ liệu SST, mà còn tại chỗ trong các rạn san hô (độ sâu 10 và 18 m) tại Vịnh Nha Trang, Nam Trung Bộ Việt Nam, đã được nghiên cứu. Dữ liệu cho thấy nước dâng do gió gây ra trong mùa hè chủ yếu chi phối khu vực ven biển. Ngược lại, hiện tượng nước trồi do gió gây ra được phát hiện trong mùa đông, có thể nhìn thấy ở cả ba lớp nước được nghiên cứu (SST, 10 và 18 m). Vào mùa đông, sự trộn lẫn theo chiều dọc diễn ra mạnh mẽ và hầu như không có độ trễ thời gian giữa các lớp. Vào mùa hè, một lớp phân tán được hình thành, hiện tượng hình thành một lớp nước có các đặc tính khác nhau (chẳng hạn như nhiệt độ hoặc độ mặn), ngăn chặn sự chìm xuống của nước. Vào mùa hè, mối tương quan với nhiệt độ không khí là không đáng kể, cũng như mức độ làm mát vào ban đêm cũng không đáng kể, do đó có tác động đến sự phân phối chất dinh dưỡng và sức khỏe của các rạn san hô. Tuy nhiên, đây chỉ là tình huống gần bờ biển. Phân tích Wavelet cho thấy sự biến thiên ngắn hạn đáng kể hơn đáng kể, do độ sâu nông của đường chênh nhiệt, bị ảnh hưởng mạnh hơn bởi các hiện tượng thủy triều và thời tiết so với mùa đông. Do sự kết hợp của sự thay đổi nhiệt độ lớn hàng năm (21oC đến 31oC) cộng với sự lắng đọng trầm tích gia tăng trong mùa mưa, các rạn san hô gần bờ nhìn chung không phát triển tốt. Bài viết này ủng hộ mạnh mẽ việc giám sát tình trạng rạn san hô dựa trên cơ sở khoa học và nhấn mạnh sự cần thiết phải thực thi pháp luật trong Khu bảo tồn biển Vịnh Nha Trang.In order to implement successful coastal management and protect corals, it is imperative to understand the Nha Trang Bay’s coastal processes and take adequate measures to protect corals and reef structure. This paper aimed to analyze whether sudden variations in physical parameters, such as temperature, could be potentially harmful to coastal coral reefs, in addition to anthropogenic factors such as pollution and intensive fishing. In this paper, the first long-term observation (2008–2019) of temperatures, not only from SST data, but also in situ in coral reefs (10 and 18 m depth) at Nha Trang Bay, South Central Vietnam, was investigated. The data showed that wind-induced upwelling during summer mainly govern the coastal region. In contrast, wind-induced downwelling was found during winter, visible in all three investigated water layers (SST, 10 and 18 m). In winter, the vertical mixing is strong and there is virtually no time-lag between the layers. In summer a scattering layer was formed, the phenomenon where a layer of water with different properties (such as temperature or salinity) is formed, blocking the sinking of water. In summer, correlations with air temperature were not significant, nor were correlations with night cooling, thus having implications for the distribution of nutrients and the health of the coral reefs. However, this was only the situation near the coast. Wavelet analysis shows that the short-term variability is significantly more substantial, caused by the shallow depth of the thermocline, which is much stronger affected by tidal and weather events than in winter. As a result of the combination of large yearly temperature variations (21 o C to 31 o C) plus increased sediment deposition in the rainy seasons, reefs close to the shore are generally not well-developed. This paper strongly advocates for science-based monitoring of coral reef conditions and underscores the need for law enforcement within the Marine Protected Area of Nha Trang Bay.

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