Biến đổi sinh kế của người Hmông ở huyện Kỳ Sơn, tỉnh Nghệ An=Biến đổi sinh kế của người Hmông ở huyện Kỳ Sơn, tỉnh Nghệ An

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Ngọc Thanh Nguyễn, Quang Linh Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Xã hội Việt Nam, 2024

Mô tả vật lý: tr.110-118

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 252647

Thêm vào giỏ

Người Hmông ở Kỳ Sơn có 26.184 người, chiếm 33,6% dân số toàn huyện. Trước năm 1991, sinh kế của tộc người này tập trung vào trồng trọt, chăn nuôi và làm một số nghề thủ công, tất cả đều theo hướng tự cung tự cấp. Từ năm 1991 tới nay, sinh kế của người Hmông có nhiều biến đổi. Trong nông nghiệp, người Hmông đã biết áp dụng các tiến bộ khoa học kỹ thuật, nên năng suất, sản lượng cây trồng ổn định. Các mô hình chăn nuôi, trồng cây ăn quả xuất hiện, trở thành những điển hình cho đồng bào các dân tộc noi theo. Để thoát nghèo, người Hmông còn có những hình thức sinh kế mới như “đi làm công ty”, kinh doanh online, đi làm thuê, mở dịch vụ homestay. Nhờ vậy, đời sống của người dân được nâng lên, nhiều gia đình mua sắm được các phương tiện đắt tiền như xe máy, máy nổ, máy xay sát... Những biến đổi trong sinh kế đã mang lại lợi ích thiết thực, góp phần nâng cao đời sống, giảm tỷ lệ nghèo tại cộng đồng.There are 26,184 Hmông people in Kỳ Sơn district, accounting for 33.6% of the district’s population. Before 1991, the livelihood of this ethnic minority group relied on farming, animal husbandry and some handicrafts which all were on a self-sufficient basis. F-rom 1991 to present, the livelihood of the Hmông people has changed a lot. Regarding agriculture, the Hmông people have learnt how to utilize scientific and technical advances, so their crop productivity and output are stable. The appearance of animal husbandry and fruit tree production models have become standards for other ethnic minority groups to follow. To alleviate the poverty, the Hmông people also have new forms of livelihood such as “becoming factory workers”, pursuing online business, working as hired labors, and opening homestay services. Thanks to such forms, the living standards of the Hmông people have improved, and many families can buy expensive items such as motorbikes, electric generators, grinders, etc. Changes in livelihoods have brought practical benefits, contributing to improving living standards and reducing poverty rates in the community.

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