A Metric Space with LCOE Isolines for Research Guidance in wind and hydrokinetic energy systems [electronic resource]

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Tác giả:

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại: 621.44 Geothermal engineering

Thông tin xuất bản: Washington, D.C : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy ; Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: Size: p. 291-311 : , digital, PDF file.

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 257209

 This paper introduces a new <
 i>
 Metric Space<
 /i>
  to guide the design of advanced wind energy systems and hydrokinetic energy converters such as tidal, ocean current and riverine turbines. The <
 i>
 Metric Space<
 /i>
  can analyse farms that combine different or identical turbines and stand-alone turbines. The first metric (M1) of the space considers the efficiency of the turbines in the farm, which is also proportional to the specific power per swept area at a given wind/water velocity (W/m<
 sup>
 2<
 /sup>
 ). The second metric (M2) describes the specific rotor area per unit of mass of the turbines (m<
 sup>
 2<
 /sup>
 /kg). Both metrics depend on the primary design characteristics of the turbines, such as swept area, system size and mass, materials and efficiency, and are independent at first from external characteristics, such as atmospheric and ocean site conditions, cost of materials and economic factors. Combining both metrics, and for a given set of external characteristics, the resulting <
 i>
 Metric Space<
 /i>
  M2/M1 displays the <
 i>
 Levelized Cost of Energy<
 /i>
  (LCOE) standards as isolines. This graphical representation provides a quick understanding of the cost and state of the technology. It also offers a practical guidance to choose the research tasks and strategy to design advanced wind and hydrokinetic energy systems. The paper applies the new <
 i>
 Metric Space<
 /i>
  to several case studies, including large and small onshore wind turbines, floating and bottom-fixed offshore wind turbines, downwind rotors, multi-rotor and hybrid systems, airborne wind energy systems, wind farms and tidal energy converters.
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